A recent analysis article published in Psychiatric Times focused on inhalant use and the negative health consequences associated with it. Inhalant use disorder, also known as volatile substance misuse, is a type of substance use disorder that involves the intentional inhalation of volatile substances due to their psychoactive effects.
Often, individuals affected by inhalant use disorder use common household, industrial, or medical products, including volatile compressed gases, volatile solvents, and aerosols, including butane lighters, paint thinners, and spray paint. According to American Addiction Centers, individuals who use inhalants regularly can also develop a tolerance to the effects, needing increasing amounts of the substance to achieve the same effects, potentially leading to dependence and addiction.
Moreover, research carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO) demonstrates that inhalant abuse is prevalent worldwide, but is often overlooked due to underreporting and societal stigma. Inhalant use disorder often affects adolescents, with youth in lower socioeconomic settings being at higher risk due to easier access to products including paint, glue, and solvents.
While some drug tests and toxicology screens may be unable to confirm various types of inhalant use, the following physical and behavioural signs may be present in an individual affected by inhalant use disorder:
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- Weight loss, muscle weakness.
- Disorientation, inattentiveness.
- Lack of coordination.
- Irritability, excitability.
- Depression/anxiety.
- Damage to organs and the central nervous system.
Government agencies and public health organizations emphasize the importance of preventative education. Awareness campaigns target young populations and their guardians, advocating for the safe use and storage of household products. The WHO’s report underscores the need for international cooperation to standardize regulatory measures limiting access to volatile substances.
The prevention and management of inhalant use disorder includes preventative education, as well as a comprehensive and multidisciplinary treatment approach that includes medical, psychological, and social interventions.
“Inhalant use disorder represents a complex challenge due to its accessibility and impact on vulnerable populations. Enhanced data collection, early intervention, and multifaceted therapeutic approaches are critical in tackling the issue. Further research into targeted pharmacotherapy, coupled with innovative prevention strategies, will provide better outcomes for individuals suffering from this often-overlooked substance use disorder,” concludes the article.